The Fox
The Fox
M. N. J. Butler
CnPosner Books
First published in 1995 by Blackwoods London
Published 2018 by CNPosner Books under Orphan works licence
Copyright © M. N. J. Butler 1995, 2018
To David and to Beryl
and in memory of I. W. the best of bank managers.
Glossary of names and terms
Names marked with a * are those of historical figures
Achilleslegendary Greek hero of Trojan war
Agesipolis (1)*Agiad, elder son of King Pausanios, later King Agesipolis I
(2)*Agiad, elder son of King Kleombrotos, later King Agesipolis II
Agiads one of the two royal houses of Sparta
Agis (1)* Agis II, Eurypontid King of Sparta, father of Leotychides
(2) second son of Leotychides and Kleonike
Agisilaos* (Agesilaus)Eurypontid, son of King Archidamos and Eupolia, younger brother of King Agis II; later King Agisilaos II
agora central public space in ancient Greek city-states.
Ainesiosplatoon leader under Leotychides
Alexandros (1) Spartan general
(2)*son of King Philippos of Macedon, later Alexander the Great
Alkmenawife of Amphitryion, mother of Herakles
Alkimenes*Corinthian, friend of Tolmaios, later member of peace party
Alkmaionidsnoble Athenian family
Alkman* early Spartan poet
alphainitial letter of Greek alphabet and of Athens; borne on shields by Athenian warriors
Amphytrionfather of Herakles
Amyntas (1)*Amyntas III, king of Macedon, son of Arrhidaeus, father of Perdikkas and Philippos
(2)*Amyntas IV, king of Macedon, son of Perdikkas, deposed by Philippos
Anakos commander of Spartan cavalry regiment at Lechion
Anaxandrosboy in Leotychides’s flock, son of Eutelidas, known as the Magpie
AnaxilasSyracusan runner
Androklidas*leader of anti-Spartan faction in Thebes
Antalkidas*boy in Leotychides’s flock, son of Leon; later Spartan admiral, ambassador to Persia, and chief ephor
Apellathe assembly of all the citizens of Sparta
Apelleas*up-country sculptor
Aphrodite goddess of love
Apollo god of the sun, brother of Artemis
ApollodorosSpartan warrior, friend of Pityas
apophthegmA concise saying or maxim, an aphorism
Archidamos(1)*former Eurypontid King of Sparta, father of Agis II and Agisilaos.
(2)*son of Agisilaos
Argileoniswife of Meleas
AristeasCorinthian runner, member of war party
AristedesAthenian mercenary
Aristodemos (1) legendary king of Sparta, father of twin Kings Eurysthenes and Procles, the ancestors of the two royal houses of Sparta
(2)cousin of King Pausanios
Aristokrates big boy in Leotychides’s flock, son of Pharax; known as the Donkey, later as Pointer
Aristomelidas*Father of Queen Eupolia and grandfather of Agisilaos, later ambassador to Thebes
Ariston* former Eurypontid king of Sparta, father of Demartos
Aristotle*sophist from Athens; tutor to Prince Alexander
Artaxerxes*Artaxerxes II, Great King of Persia
Artemisgoddess of hunting, sister of Apollo
Artemisionmoon of April
Asklepiosgod of healing
Athenagoddess of wisdom
Athenian War, the the Peloponnesian War, the Long War
Axiochosson of Alkibiades
Boiotarchsthe seven chief officers of the Boiotian confederacy
Boneheadname given to boy in Leotychides’s flock
Brasidas* commander in Long War
Bronze Houseshrine of Athena Poliachos (“Holder of the city”), situated on Sparta’s highest hill
Cattle Price Housesanctuary of Asklepios of the Cattle Price, hospital in Sparta
Chabrias*Athenian general
Chaironelderly and wealthy citizen of Sparta, later Elder
Charmidas*Eleian, victor in Olympic boys’ boxing in 444 B. C.
Chaste Huntress, the Artemis
Chionis boy in Leotychides’s flock
Cockerel, the name given to Leotychides
Council (gerousia)Spartan governing body, consisting of the two kings and twenty-eight elected members over the age of sixty
Dancer Leotychides’s horse
Daphnehetaira, loved by Anaxilas
Demartos*former Eurypontid king of Sparta, supposed son of Ariston, deposed on the grounds that he was really the son of Agetus, his mother’s first husband
Derkyllidas*Lakedaimonian general; succeeded Thibron as commander of Hellenic forces in Asia
Dexippasson of Kallias, cousin of Gorgo
Dinonfather of Doreius (2) and Hekataios, wounded in Long War
Dionysosgod of wine
Diopeithes*Spartan seer, teacher in Leotychides’s flock
Diphridas*Spartan general in Corinthian War, guest at Menelaos House, later ephor
Donkey, the name given to Aristokrates
Doreius (1)* Former Agiad prince, son of King Anaxandridas II; challenged his brother Kleomenes I for the throne, and attempted to establish a colony at Herakleia in Sicily
(2) patrol leader in Leotychides’s flock, son of Dinon, brother of Hekataios
(3) son of Gorgo (2), supposedly by Chairon
Doriskamother of Dexippas
Dromeaserf, maidservant to Queen Timaia
eirenboy in flock between ages of sixteen and twenty
Elders (gerontes)elected members of the Council
Elucidatescitizen of Sparta
enomotarchosSpartan platoon commander
Epaminondas*Theban officer, later general
ephors the five principal magistrates of Sparta, elected for a term of one year
Epitadeus*chief ephor of Sparta, said to have made a decree allowing Spartiates to sell their kleroi
Eratomuse of erotic poetry and mime
eromenos“junior” partner in homosexual relationship
Eros Cupid, god of love
Eteonikos*Spartan general, friend of Lysander, later governor of Aigina
Etymokles*Spartan ambassador to Athens; supporter of Agisilaos
Euagorasboy in Leotychides’s flock; later poet and musician
Eudamidas*Spartan commander of Olynthian expedition, bother of Phoidibas
EuphronArgive mercenary
Eupolia (1)*second wife of King Archidamos, mother of Agisilaos and Teleutias, daughter of Aristomelidas, not of royal Heraklid descent
(2)* elder daughter of Agisilaos
EurydameAgiad Queen of Sparta, wife of Pausanios, sister of Queen Timaia
EurymosOlympic victor
Euryponlegendary king of Sparta, son of Soos and grandson of Procles; supposed ancestor of Eurypontids
Eurypontidsone of the two royal houses of Sparta
Eutelidasfather of Anaxandros
Euterpemuse of lyric poetry
Falcon Facename given to teacher in Agis’s flock
flock (agele)institution for the communal rearing of Spartiate children
Galaxidoros*Theban
General Pentatarchosname given to Leotychides by the bastards' regiment
General Rhetraename given to Leotychides
Geradaslegendary Spartan
GeraistosSpartan month
Gitidias*former Lakedaimonian sculptor and composer
Gorgo (1)*former Agiad queen, wife of King Leonidas
(2) Spartan maiden; skilled at spear-throwing, cousin of Kallias
Gorgopas*Spartan squadron commander
Great Fightmock battle between two teams of boys
G
reat Kingthe king of Persia
Gryllos*son of Xenophon
Gylippos*Spartan commander in Long War
Gymnopaidiayearly celebration during which naked youths displayed their athletic and martial skills through the medium of war dancing.
Hall (syssitia)institution for partaking in common meals
hassocka padded cushion or low stool that serves as a seat or leg rest
Hekataioscarrot-haired boy in Leotychides’s flock, supposed son of Dinon, brother of Doreius
Hektorlegendary Trojan prince
HeraklesHercules, legendary hero
Herippidas*Spartiate political leader, advisor to Agisilaos and commander of the Cyreans during the 395 Asia Minor campaign
Herodotos*fifth century Greek-Asian historian
hetairaa courtesan or mistress, especially an educated one
Hidden Thing (krypteia) (1) rite of passage, in which youths go alone into the forest to capture animals or criminals
(2) élite body of law-keepers, including the secret police
HipparchosSpartan polemarch at Lechion
hoplitesheavily armed Greek infantry
Horkiosaspect of Zeus; guardian of oaths
Hyakinthoslegendary Spartan prince, loved by the gods Apollo and Zephyros, killed by discus
Hyllus son of Herakles, supposed ancestor of Spartan kings
Inspector of Boys (paidonomos)magistrate charged with supervision of education of Spartiate boys
Iphikrates*Athenian mercenary peltast leader
Iphitoslegendary king of Elis, said to have established the Olympic truce with Lykourgos
IschalaosSpartan general
Ismenias*anti-Spartan Theban politician
Jason (1) legendary hero, leader of the quest for the golden Fleece
(2)* Jason of Pherae; Thessalian, Spartan consul in Thessaly, tyrant of Pherae, son of Lycophron I, allied with Thebes, later ruler of Thessaly
Kadmeathe citadel of Thebes
KalliasSpartan warrior; lover of Hekataios, cousin of Gorgo
KallibiosLesser Spartiate, member of the secret police, scribe to Queen Timaia
Kallikratidas*Spartan grand admiral; succeeded Lysander in that office
Kallipides*Corinthian exile, said to be finest tragic actor in Greece
Kallistratos* Callistratus of Aphidnae, brown-bearded Athenian orator and general, guest-friend of Meleas, uncle of Tolmaios
kanathruma fantastic wooden car, shaped like a griffin or an antelope, in which women and children were carried
kappatenth letter of Greek alphabet, initial letter of Corinth, borne on shields by Corinthian warriors
Karneiafeast of Apollo; competition of poets
Kastor Brother of Helen of Troy and Polydeukes, one of the Twin Gods
Kerberos (Cerberus)legendary hound of the underworld
Kinadon* Lesser Spartiate and revolutionary conspirator
kleiros (pl. kleroi)land holding granted by the state to all Spartiates
Kleinias*father of Alkibiades
Kleobolosup-country sea-captain, commander of the Bellamina
Kleombrotos* Agiad, second son of King Pausanios, later King Kleombrotos I
Kleomenes (1)*Kleomenes I, former Agiad king of Sparta, brother of Doreius (1) and Leonidas (1); plotted against Demartos: said to have gone mad
(2)*Agiad, second son of Kleombrotos, later King Kleomenes II
Kleonymos*Son of Sphodrias, lover of Archidamos (2)
KleonikeSpartan chorus-mistress, wife of Leotychides
Kleora*wife of Agisilaos, sister of Peisander
Konon* Athenian general in Long War
Kritias*leader of ruling council of Athens
Kyniska*daughter of King Archidamos and Eupolia, sister of Agisilaos
Kyros*younger brother of Great King Artaxerxes II of Persia; raised a rebellion to oust his brother from the throne
Lakedaimon, Lakoniathe Spartan homeland
lamdaeleventh letter of Greek alphabet, initial letter of Lakedaimon, borne on shields by Lakedaimonian warriors
Lampido* wife of King Archidamos, mother of King Agis II, grandmother of Leotychides
Law-giver, the Lykourgos, legendary Spartan lawgiver
Leon (1)*former Agiad king of Sparta, supposed ancestor of Leotychides
(2)* former chief ephor, father of Antalkidas
(3) name used by Leotychides
Leonidas (1)* former Agiad king of Sparta, killed at battle of Thermopylae
(2) elder son of Leotychides and Kleonike
LeonidiaSpartan games
Leontiades*Theban official, political enemy of Ismenias
Leotychides (1)* former Eurypontid King of Sparta
(2)*Eurypontid, supposed son of King Agis II of Sparta, known as the Cockerel
lesser equalsLesser Spartiates
Lesser Spartiates (Hypomeiones)Spartans who have lost their civil rights
lochagosSpartan military rank, above pentatarchos, but below strategos; commander of lochos
Long War, the the Peloponnesian war, fought by the Delian League led by Athens against the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta.
Lykomedes*“mad” Mantinean merchant; one of the founders of Megalopolis in Arkadia
Lykourgoslegendary Spartan lawgiver, brother of Eurypontid King Eunomos and regent for his son Charilaos
Lynkeus legendary hero, famed for his keen sight
Lysander* Spartan grand Admiral, later vice -admiral
Magpie, thename given to Anaxandros
Makariosboy in Leotychides’s flock, known as the Monkey
Maro Spartan cavalry platoon leader
Megabates*Persian, son of Spithridates, loved by Agisilaos
MegaklesSyracusan runner, brother of Anaxilas
Meleas wealthy citizen of Sparta, lives in Menelaos House, hero of Long War, later general
melleiren boy in flock between ages of twelve and sixteen
Menelaoslegendary Spartan king, husband of Helen of Troy
Menelaos Houseold house in Sparta near racing course, residence of Meleas
Milian, the Ambassador from Milos to Sparta
Mnassipos*Spartan, member of Leotychides’s hall: later grand admiral
Molobrossuccessor of Doreius as commander of Leotychides’s flock
Monkey, the name given to Makarios
moraSpartan military unit, believed to be five or six hundred strong
Naktenabo*Egyptian king, rebel against Persia
Narkissosson of river god Cephissus and nymph Liriope; falls in love with own reflection
NikandrosCorinthian, son of Aristeas
Nikias*Athenian commander in Long War
Nicholochos*Spartan vice-admiral
NikomedesCorinthian boxer
Okyllos*Spartan ambassador to Athens
owlsAthenian drachma coins, stamped with the image of Athena’s owl
PandiaSpartan ephor’s wife
Pasemachos*Spartan cavalry commander at Sikyon
Pasimelos*Corinthian, leader of peace party
PatroklosGreek warrior in Trojan war, cousin of Achilles
Pausanios (1)* Agiad king of Sparta, uncle of Leotychides
(2)* kinsman of King Perdikkas of Macedon; seized the throne from him.
Peisander*brother of Kleora, later general in Corinthian war
Peithogoddess of persuasion
PellesSpartan cavalryman
Pelopidas*Theban officer, later commander of Sacred Band
peltastslight-armed Greek troops, named for their small shields
pentatarchoscommander of fifty
peplosa body-length garment for women
Perdikkas*king of Macedonia, son of Amyntas III, brother of Philippos